PARIS- Flight cancellations can disrupt travel plans, but passengers flying to and from the EU have strong protections under EU Regulation 261/2004 (EC 261). This regulation outlines passengers’ rights to compensation, care, and assistance when cancellations occur.
Here’s an in-depth guide to understanding your rights and how to claim compensation.
Understanding EC 261
EC 261 applies to:
- Flights departing from an EU airport (irrespective of the airline).
- Flights arriving in the EU on an EU-based airline.
The regulation ensures airlines are accountable for cancellations, delays, and denied boarding caused by factors within their control, excluding “extraordinary circumstances” like severe weather, political instability, or air traffic control strikes.
When Are You Eligible for Compensation?
Under EC 261, you may claim compensation if your flight is cancelled:
- The airline cancels your flight within 14 days of departure.
- The cancellation causes a significant delay in reaching your final destination.
However, the airline can avoid compensation if:
- It provides notice of the cancellation and re-routes you to your destination with minimal delay:
- 7–13 days’ notice: Alternative flight departs no more than 2 hours earlier and arrives less than 4 hours later.
- Less than 7 days’ notice: Alternative flight departs no more than 1 hour earlier and arrives less than 2 hours later.
Compensation Amounts
Compensation is calculated based on flight distance and delay at arrival:
| Flight Distance | Compensation (€) | Delay at Arrival (hrs) |
| ≤ 1,500 km | 250 | > 2 |
| 1,500–3,500 km (EU/non-EU) | 400 | > 3 |
| > 3,500 km (non-EU) | 300–600 | Varies |
For long-haul flights, compensation may be halved if delays are between 3–4 hours.
Your Rights Beyond Compensation
In addition to financial compensation, EC 261 includes the Right to Care:
- Meals and refreshments are proportional to the waiting time.
- Two free communication methods (calls, emails, or faxes).
- Hotel accommodation and transport to/from the airport if overnight stays are necessary.
Refund or Re-routing Options
If your flight is cancelled, the airline must offer one of the following:
- A full refund, including unused portions of the ticket.
- Alternative transportation to your destination at the earliest opportunity.
- A new flight to your destination at a later date of your choice.
If re-routing results in significant delays, passengers may still claim compensation.
How to Claim Compensation?
To claim your rights:
- Retain documentation: Boarding passes, tickets, and receipts.
- Request details: Ask the airline for the cancellation reason.
- File a claim: Submit your claim directly to the airline or through organizations like AirHelp, which simplifies the process.
Common Challenges in Claiming Compensation
- Extraordinary circumstances: Airlines often argue cancellations are unavoidable. However, technical issues and operational decisions typically do not qualify.
- Disputed delays: Ensure the airline’s stated times match actual delays. Airport records can be used as evidence.
Tips to Navigate Cancellations
- Avoid accepting travel vouchers without understanding their terms, as they may waive your right to compensation.
- Check your travel insurance policy for additional coverage, especially for out-of-pocket expenses not covered by the airline.
- Use services like compensation calculators to quickly determine eligibility.
How EC 261 Benefits Passengers
Millions of passengers benefit annually from EC 261, with compensation reaching up to €600 per person. This regulation encourages airlines to minimize disruptions and prioritize passenger care. However, claiming compensation can be complex, especially if airlines contest eligibility.
What About Flights Post-Brexit?
For flights to/from the UK, the rights under EC 261 are mirrored in UK 261, which maintains similar protections for passengers. However, claims for flights outside these regions require attention to local regulations.
Final Thoughts
Flight cancellations can be stressful, but understanding your rights under EC 261 empowers you to seek fair compensation. Whether you claim independently or enlist professional help, persistence is key.
For further information and assistance, organizations like AirHelp provide user-friendly tools and expert support for travellers navigating compensation claims.
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