South Korea

Japan has selected Mitsubishi Heavy Industries’ (MHI) Komaki South Plant in Aichi Prefecture as the national assembly site for its Global Combat Air Programme (GCAP) sixth-generation fighter, marking another major milestone in the trilateral defense project with the United Kingdom and Italy.

While countries like China and India have enormous technology industries in absolute terms, this ranking focuses more heavily on digital infrastructure, research intensity, and technological capacity per capita rather than sheer scale alone.